1. Seasonal population dynamics and maturation of the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus pungitius from brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) were investigated. Stickleback were collected monthly at Sioux Creek, Wisconsin from April 1981 to May 1982 (excluding December, January, and February).

2. A: Burbot are piscivores and they prey on lamprey, grayling, whitefish, trout, stickleback and even perch

3. Rainwater fish, the client species, were found to carry the trematode ectoparasite,Gyrodactylus, which were apparently Browzed by the stickleback, the cleaner species

4. 12 In various places in the Northern Hemisphere, for example, marine stickleback fish were scattered among landlocked lakes as the last Ice Age ended.