1. As of 2010, shale oil extraction is in operation in Estonia, Brazil, and China.

2. 20 Like many other West Lothian settlements, the village grew around a shale oil refinery.

3. Thirdly, shale oil extraction technologies are still developing, so the amount of recoverable kerogen can only be estimated.

4. But the future of Thorn industries lies not only in solar energy, in shale oil, and the force of gravity.

5. High content clay mineral shale, oil shale and marlite are the main source rocks for large oil or gas fields in the world, which formed in deep water slopes between platform and open sea.

6. The first shale oil extraction patent was granted by the British Crown in 1684 to three people who had "found a way to extract and make great quantities of pitch, tarr, and oyle out of a sort of stone".