1. Bemazed uncles show us how elbows can be octagons

2. At four corners are smaller octagons, replicas in design of the large one and all very tall.

3. The shape of 99 of the world's 425 Atolls has been studied using three types of measurement: form ratios derived from fluvial geomorphology (Miller's Circularity Ratio, R c; Schumm's Elongation Ratio, R e; Horton's Form Factor, F), best-fit regular geometric figures (giving an Ellipticity Index, I e), and actual measurement of shape, by means of best-fit octagons and by the radial line method