1. Monazite and bastnasite are presently the more important sources of Cerium.

2. Monazite also contains thorium and yttrium, which complicates handling because thorium and its decay products are radioactive.

3. Cerium occurs naturally as a mixture with other rare-earth elements in its principal ores bastnaesite and monazite.

4. Monazite occurs as an accessory mineral in a variety of rock types in the granulite belt of the Eastern Ghats, India.

5. Bastnäsite tends to show less of a negative europium anomaly than does monazite, and hence is the major source of europium today.

6. Today, Cerium is primarily obtained through an ion exchange process from monazite sand ((Ce, La, Th, Nd, Y)PO 4), a material rich in rare earth elements.

7. ‘Having determined the age of the Ballachulish Igneous Complex, we now examine the behaviour of the U-bearing accessory minerals Baddeleyite, zircon and monazite in the Ballachulish metamorphic aureole.’

8. Jean-Francois Boulanger, Claude Bazin, Keven Turgeon 2019 , ' Effect of Depressants and Temperature on Bastnaesite and Monazite Flotation Separation from a Canadian Rare Earth Element (REE) Ore', Minerals https://www.mdpi.com