1. Celiacs produce 30 times as much zonulin as non-Celiacs, even though the Celiacs had been off gluten for over two years! Intestinal tissues taken from controls who had been eating gluten had three-fold less leakiness compared to Celiacs who had been off gluten for over two years (so Celiacs had a much leakier gut, even while eating gluten-free).