1. Joblessness is usually seen as a lagging rather than a leading economic indicator.

2. Black and Latino Angelenos living in this area experienced joblessness, gang warfare, urban blight.

3. 10 Black and Latino Angelenos living in this area experienced joblessness, gang warfare, urban blight.

4. Although the precise rate of unemployment for particular ethnic groups is not known (French law precludes collecting data by ethnic classification), anecdotal evidence suggests much higher levels of joblessness for immigrants and their descendants.

5. According to the modified labour-leisure model in Chart 1c, a decline in EI/UI incentives would lead individuals to switch from part-year employment and EI/UI to dependence on SA, though SA program characteristics explain their long-term joblessness.