1. The gag reflex is mediated by the glossopharyngeal nerve Afferently and the vagus nerve efferently

2. A cluster of mechanoreceptors in the atrium, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to tissue stretching that occurs with increased intravascular pressure; Baroreceptor information passes to the brainstem from the carotid sinus via the glossopharyngeal nerve and from the aortic arch and great vessels of the thorax via the vagal nerve.

3. On the ridge of bone dividing the carotid canal from the jugular foramen is the inferior tympanic Canaliculus for the transmission of the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve; and on the wall of the jugular foramen, near the root of the styloid process, is the mastoid Canaliculus for the passage of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve.