1. The control word of this ECM is used to descramble (330) the separate stream to access the control words for every channel.

2. For the DMCA, Circumvention means that there is a user attempting to “descramble a scrambled work, to decrypt an encrypted work, or otherwise to avoid, bypass, remove, deactivate, or impair a technological measure, without the authority of the copyright owner” – assuming that there is a technological measure in place that “effectively