1. A medical Circumcision is a Circumcision performed to treat a disease, such as pathological phimosis (lichen sclerosis), recurrent balanitis or recurrent urinary tract infections

2. Most penile melanotic macules, angiokeratomas, fibromas and angiomas do not have to be treated; however, penile skin lesions may also be symptoms of other diseases, such as circinate balanitis in Reiter’s syndrome and multiple angiokeratomas in Fabry’s disease.

3. See GERD Gastrointestinal problems, 12-1 to 12-16 history, general, 12-1 abdominal examination, 12-1 to 12-2 acute abdomen, 12-11 to 12-12 appendicitis, 12-13 to 12-14 bowel obstruction, 10-21, 12-14 to 12-15 bowel obstruction, and dehydration, 4-1 constipation, 12-6 to 12-8 gastroenteritis, 4-1, 12-2 to 12-5 GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), 12 -8 to 12-10 inguinal hernias, 12-5 to 12-6 intussusception, 12-16 rectal examination, 12-2, 12-7, 12-12 umbilical hernias, 12-6 Gastrolyte, for dehydration, 4-3 Gastroschisis in newborns, 1-5 Genital system, female adolescent development, 19-3 examination, general, 13-2 examination in newborns, 1-6 examination in trauma situations, 20-5 prepubescent vaginal discharge, 13-5 to 13-7 Genital system, male adolescent development, 19-3 balanitis (see Adult Clinical Guidelines) examination, general, 13-2 examination in newborns, 1-6